Deep Sea Mining and Its Impact

A recent study published in the journal Nature highlights the long-term environmental effects of deep sea mining, specifically focusing on a section of the Pacific Ocean seabed that was mined over 40 years ago.

Study Overview

• A team led by Britain’s National Oceanography Centre conducted the study.
• The research focused on the long-term sediment changes and the reduced populations of larger organisms in the area.

Background on Deep Sea Mining

Deep sea mining involves the extraction of mineral deposits and metals from the ocean floor. There are three primary types:

• Polymetallic nodules harvesting from the ocean floor.
• Mining massive seafloor sulphide deposits.
• Stripping cobalt crusts from underwater rocks.

These resources are crucial for technology and renewable energy sectors. Technologies for such mining are still under development, including:

• Massive pumps for vacuuming materials.
• AI-based technologies for robotic mining.
• Advanced machines for mining around underwater mountains and volcanoes.

Findings of the Study

• Long-term changes in sediment and decreased population of organisms were observed.
• Some signs of recolonization and repopulation of certain animal groups were noted, though recovery was limited.

Previous studies have also indicated negative impacts of deep sea mining, such as:

• Harmful noise and vibration.
• Sediment plumes and light pollution.
• Decreased animal populations and wider environmental footprints than expected.