Global Tuberculosis (TB) Crisis and WHO Efforts
The World Health Organisation (WHO) emphasizes the need for accelerated progress in countries with high TB burdens to eradicate the disease globally. India accounts for a quarter of all TB patients worldwide, making it a critical focus area.
Current Global TB Statistics
- Eight countries contribute to 67% of global TB cases, with significant cases in India, Indonesia, the Philippines, China, Pakistan, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Bangladesh.
- In 2024, TB affected 1.07 crore people and caused over 12 lakh deaths.
Challenges in Funding and Research
- Global funding stagnated at $5.9 billion in 2024, far below the $22 billion target for 2027.
- Research funding reached only $1.2 billion in 2023, just 24% of the target.
Progress and Innovations
- 63 diagnostic tests and 29 drugs are in development, with 18 vaccine candidates in clinical trials.
- Between 2023 and 2024, the incidence of TB declined by 2% and deaths by 3% globally.
Regional Achievements
- The WHO African Region reduced TB incidence by 28% and deaths by 46% from 2015 to 2024.
- The European Region achieved a 39% drop in incidence and a 49% reduction in deaths.
Advancements in TB Diagnosis and Treatment
- In 2024, 83 lakh new TB cases were diagnosed, with a treatment success rate of 88% for drug-susceptible TB.
- Rapid TB testing coverage increased to 54%, and 1.64 lakh people received treatment for drug-resistant TB.
- 53 lakh high-risk individuals received preventive treatment.
Social Protection and Risk Factors
- Social protection coverage varies widely, with as low as 3.1% in Uganda and up to 94% in Mongolia.
- Major risk factors include undernutrition, HIV, diabetes, smoking, and alcohol use.
Call to Action
WHO urges increased political commitment, domestic investment, and coordinated action to confront TB drivers and structural determinants. The aim is to build on progress and accelerate the path to ending TB by 2030.