Inhalable Microplastics: An Emerging Threat
New research highlights the threat of inhalable microplastics, which are smaller than 10 micrometres, posing a direct health risk. The study, led by Professor Gopala Krishna Darbha, measured these particles at human breathing level across Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai.
- Average concentration in the four cities: 8.8 µg/m3.
- Daily intake per resident: 132 micrograms.
- Health risks include:
- Toxic co-pollutants like heavy metals and hormone disruptors.
- Carrying harmful microbes resistant to antibiotics.
City-specific Observations
- Delhi and Kolkata had the highest inhalable microplastic concentrations at 14.18 µg/m3 and 14.23 µg/m3, respectively.
- Mumbai and Chennai: Relatively lower levels at 2.65 µg/m3 and 4 µg/m3.
- Winter evenings showed a 74% increase in microplastic concentration.
Sources and Composition of Microplastics
- Majority of particles are less than 100 µm in size.
- Origins include synthetic textiles, packaging, tire wear, cosmetics, and mini-industries.
Policy Recommendations
- Ban single-use plastics and promote natural fiber clothing.
- Improve waste management practices to reduce emissions.
- Policy reforms needed to protect vulnerable groups such as traffic police and laborers.
The study marks a critical step in understanding the environmental crisis posed by microplastics and urges the Indian government to take decisive action. The research emphasizes the need for increased public awareness and scientific investigation into this emerging threat.
