Great Nicobar Project Overview
The Great Nicobar Project has sparked significant controversy, balancing between developmental aspirations and environmental conservation concerns. The Kolkata bench of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) ruled in favor of the project, stating that all environmental safeguards were in place and highlighted its "strategic utility."
Key Components of the Project
- Trans-shipment Port: A crucial part of the project aimed at facilitating maritime trade.
- International Airport: Envisioned to boost connectivity and economic activity.
- Township Development: Proposed to support the increasing population and business activities.
- Power Plant: A 450 Megavolt-Amperes (MVA) gas and solar-based power plant for sustainable energy needs.
Historical Precedents and Concerns
The project draws parallels with past instances like the phosphate mining on Nauru and Banaba by British Phosphate Commissioners, which led to the devastation and displacement of native populations.
Environmental and Social Concerns
- Biodiversity Loss: Nearly nine lakh trees across 130 sq.km might be felled, impacting pristine tropical forests.
- Wildlife Impact: Threats to leatherback turtle nesting grounds and coral ecosystems.
- Tribal Rights: Concerns over the unresolved community rights of Shompen and Nicobarese tribes under the Forest Rights Act.
- Coercion Allegations: Reports of Tribal Council members being forced to sign "surrender certificates" for land diversion.
Criticism of NGT Order
The NGT's decision is criticized for not independently examining environmental concerns, instead relying on the government's assurances. The order is viewed as lacking a fair appraisal process for independent concerns, raising doubts about the project's net benefit.
