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ESC
  • The Report measures the laws that affect women’s economic opportunity in 190 economies.
    • The assesses economies across 10 indicators: Safety, Mobility, Workplace, Pay, Marriage, Parenthood, Childcare, Entrepreneurship, Assets and Pension. 

 

  • Key findings of the report
    • It measures the gap between women’s legal rights on paper and reality.
      • Globally, women have just two-thirds of the rights of men in the workplace. 
      • Indian women have just 60% of the legal rights compared to men.
    • Women earn just 77 cents for every dollar paid to men.
      • Less than 20% economies adopted enforcement mechanisms to address the pay gap.
    • Nearly all economies performed poorly in Safety and Childcare
      • Women have a third of the legal protection they need from domestic violence, sexual harassment, child marriage, and femicide.
      • Women spend nearly 2.4 hours more a day on unpaid care work than men, much of it involving childcare.

 

  • Recommendations
    • Expand maternity and paternity leave provisions.
    • Enact legal mandate for equal pay, and lift restrictions on women’s work in industrial jobs.
    • Implement legally binding quotas for women on corporate boards.
    • Ensure equal retirement benefits for women, accounting for childcare related work absences.

 

India’s initiatives for gender equality in workplace

  • The Code on Wages, 2019: It prohibits gender discrimination in matters related to wages and recruitment of employees for the same work or work of similar nature.
  • Maternity Benefit Amendment Act, 2017: It provides for maternity benefits and creche facility in every establishment having fifty or more employees.
  • Sexual Harassment of Women at Work Place (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 (POSH Act).
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