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President elect from Republican Party has secured a decisive victory in U.S. presidential election.

About the U.S. Presidential Election Process

  • One Year before Elections: Candidates from two main political parties, Democrats and Republicans begin their campaign. Candidates participate in televised debates on policies.
  • Primaries and Caucuses: Party members vote and discuss for best candidate that will represent them in general election.
  • National Conventions
    • Each party holds a national convention to select a final presidential nominee.
    • Presidential candidates also choose a Vice Presidential candidate.
  • General Election
    • People in every state across country vote for President and Vice President.
      • When Americans go to poll, They actually vote for a group of people called electors,  making up electoral college.
      • If a candidate receives majority of  votes from  people of a state then candidate will receive all electoral votes of that state(Except in states of Maine and Nebraska).
  • Electoral College
    • There are a total of 538 electors. Each elector casts one vote following general election, and the candidate who gets more than half (270) becomes President of the USA.
      • While in India, president is indirectly elected by an electoral college of MPs and elected members of legislative assemblies of state and some UTs.
      • Election of Indian President is held in accordance with system of proportional representation by means of single transferable vote using secret ballot.

Election Management Process in USA

  • US lack a centralized authority to oversee elections, with more than 10,000 local entities across 3,143 counties having their own rules. 
  • US has a Federal Election Commission (FEC), its influence is largely limited to regulating campaign finances unlike India where ECI oversees the entire process.
  • US elections are notably held every four years on a fixed date i.e. first Tuesday after first Monday in November dating back to 1835.
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