It focuses on demographic transformation as one of the challenges to human capital and well-being, demonstrating that addressing the major NCDs could contributes to healthy longevity. 

• Demographic transformation depicts the changing pattern of mortality, fertility and growth from high to lowers birth/death rates. 
• Healthy longevity refers to reducing preventable deaths and disabilities across life, maintaining physical, mental, and social wellbeing into older age. 

Key Findings of the Report

• Impact of Non-communicable diseases (NCDs):  Like heart disease, diabetes, cancer, etc. cause over 70% of global deaths annually.
  • Based on current projections, there will be a rise in overall deaths to 92 million (2050) from 61 million (2023).
• India-related Findings
  • NCDs in childhood: Causes about 1.2–4.2 fewer years of completed education.
  • Higher out of pocket medical expenditure: Primarily dominated by travel costs.  
  • Life expectancy: Lowest at the age of 15 among the lowest education groups due to higher death rates during 30–69 years from NCDs.

Major Recommendations to promote healthy longevity

• Life-course approach to NCDs: Prevention and Management of NCDs along with other policy reforms like labor markets, social protection and long-term care. 
• Leveraging fiscal tools: Raising taxes on products that damage people’s health like tobacco, etc.