The Abyei Region is a disputed territory between Sudan and South Sudan. Its status remains a sensitive issue with potential for conflict, often linked to oil resources and ethnic claims.

Jonglei is a state in South Sudan. It is the largest state by area and has historically been affected by inter-communal violence and resource competition.

A country that does not have territory connected to an ocean or sea. For landlocked countries, access to international trade often relies on agreements with neighboring countries for transit routes.