Fisheries Resources in India

• India is a major player in global fisheries, providing livelihoods to approximately three crore fishers and fish farmers.
  • There has been an 83% increase in national fish production since 2013-14, reaching a record 175 lakh tons in 2022-23.
  • 75% of the fish production comes from inland fisheries, making India the second-largest fish and aquaculture producer globally.
• Strengthening last-mile fisheries and aquaculture extension services is crucial. These services should:
  • Offer request-based services concerning the lifecycle of improved species, water quality, disease management, and rearing technologies.
  • Address issues faced by seed growers and hatcheries.
  • Conduct need-based training to promote sustainable practices and viable fisheries-based business models.

The Role of Matsya Seva Kendras (MSK)

• Under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Samapada Yojana, Matsya Seva Kendras are envisioned as one-stop solutions for extension services offered by trained aquaculture professionals.
  • Government assistance is available for setting up Kendras, particularly for women and weaker sections, covering up to 60% of costs.
  • 102 Kendras have been funded across various States and Union Territories.
  • Examples include:
    • The MSK in Thrissur, Kerala features a lab for water, soil, and microbial analysis, offering disease tests. 
    • The MSKs in Nasik and Sangli districts of Maharashtra focus on capacity building with technology support.
  •  The government encourages a 'whole of government approach' for MSKs to:
    • Mobilize start-ups, cooperatives, fish farmers’ producer organizations, joint liability groups, and self-help groups.
    • Share best practices, including regenerative and conservation management practices amid climate change.

Sagar Mitras

• Deployed in coastal States and U.T.s, Sagar Mitras act as a crucial link between the government and sea-borne fishers.
  • They gather information on daily marine catch, price fluctuations, and marketing needs at fish landing centers and harbors.
  • Disseminate information on local regulations, weather forecasts, natural calamities, hygienic fish handling, and potential fishing zones.

Improving Extension Services

• To enhance fisheries and aquaculture extension services, two primary strategies are recommended:
  • Integrate existing initiatives with over 700 Krishi Vigyan Kendras and State and U.T.s extension services.
  • Enhance digital outreach through platforms like 'AquaBazaar' by the National Fisheries Development Board.

The World Bank-assisted project aims to formalize the fisheries sector by creating digital identities for fishers and fish farmers, boosting extension, capacity building, and awareness generation.