Sweden becomes 38th country to join Artemis Accords (Artemis Accord)

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Artemis Accords was established in 2020 by NASA, in coordination with the US Department of State, together with seven other founding member nations.

About Artemis Accords
- Grounded in Outer Space Treaty (OST) of 1967, these are a non-binding set of principles designed to guide civil space exploration and use in the 21^st century.
- It represents multilateral leadership in civil space diplomacy and brings together a diverse set of nations with a shared vision of peaceful space cooperation.
- India is a signatory to the Artemis Accords.

Commitment of Signatories under the Accords
- Broad dissemination of national space policies and scientific information resulting from their activities.
- Recognize development of interoperable and common exploration infrastructure and standards such as communication systems, landing structures, etc.
- Implement MoUs between governments or agencies as per the Outer Space Treaty 1967.
- Preserve outer space heritage, including historic landing sites and evidence of activity on celestial bodies.
- Mitigate orbital debris and induce safe and timely disposal of spacecraft at the end of mission.

International Treaties Governing Outer Space
- Outer Space Treaty (1967): Provides the basic framework for international space law.
- Rescue Agreement (1968): To rescue and assist astronauts in distress.
- Liability Convention (1972): Provides that the launching State shall be absolutely liable to pay compensation for damage caused by its space objects on the surface of the Earth or to aircraft.
- Registration Convention (1976): Registration of objects launched into outer space.
- Moon Agreement (1979): Provides that the Moon and its natural resources are the common heritage of humankind.

Note: India has ratified all these treaties, except the Moon Agreement of 1979. India, however, is a signatory to Moon Agreement.

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