An abnormal rise of water generated by a storm, over and above the predicted astronomical tide. Storm surges are often the most devastating aspect of a hurricane or cyclone, causing widespread flooding and destruction.

Rapid growth of algae in bodies of water, often caused by excess nutrients. Marine Heat Waves can exacerbate these blooms, leading to ecological damage, fish kills, and potential health risks to humans and wildlife.

A meteorological condition where air is moving outward and upward at higher altitudes above a developing weather system. For tropical cyclones, upper divergence helps to ventilate the storm, allowing it to strengthen by drawing more air upwards from the surface.