India’s first Private Earth Observation (EO) satellite constellation | Current Affairs | Vision IAS
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In Summary

  • Pixxel-led consortium partners with IN-SPACe for India's first national Earth Observation (EO) constellation.
  • The ₹1,200 crore project, under a PPP model, will deploy 12 satellites for diverse geospatial analytics.
  • This initiative marks a strategic shift towards industry-operated national EO infrastructure, enhancing self-reliance.

In Summary

Pixxel-led Consortium has signed an agreement with IN‑SPACe to design, build, and operate India’s first national EO constellation

  • Pixxel-led Consortium comprises Piersight Space, Satsure Analytics India, and Dhruva Space.
  • Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) is India’s nodal agency that authorises, regulates, and promotes private sector participation in space activities.

Key features of the EO constellation Project

  • PPP Model: It will be executed under a Public–Private Partnership (PPP) framework.
    • The project will create a complete end-to-end Earth Observation ecosystem, from satellite deployment to value-added geospatial analytics.
  • Constellation: It will consist of 12 satellites covering very high-resolution optical, multispectral, synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and hyperspectral imaging.
  • Project scale: ₹1,200 crore investment over a 5-year period.
  • Strategic shift: Transition from government-built to industry-operated national EO infrastructure.

About Earth Observation Satellites

  • Satellites that monitor and collect data about Earth’s surface, oceans, and atmosphere using optical, multispectral, hyperspectral, and radar sensors
  • Its major applications span areas such as agriculture, disaster management, climate change studies, urban planning, water resource management, and national security.
  • Strategic value: Supports early warning systems, evidence-based policymaking, and self-reliance in geospatial data.
  • India’s major Earth Observation satellites include HySIS, Cartosat-3, RISAT-2B, and EOS-07, etc.
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Earth Observation Satellites

These satellites monitor and collect data about Earth’s surface, oceans, and atmosphere using various sensors. Their applications are crucial for agriculture, disaster management, climate change studies, urban planning, water resource management, and national security.

Hyperspectral imaging

Hyperspectral imaging captures a very broad range of spectral bands, allowing for the identification and characterization of materials on Earth's surface with high precision, exceeding the capabilities of multispectral imaging.

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)

A radar imaging technique that uses the motion of a radar platform (like a satellite) to simulate a longer antenna, enabling high-resolution imaging of Earth's surface, capable of penetrating clouds and darkness.

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