It aims to develop cryptography techniques that are secured against attacks from advanced quantum computers for ensuring future cryptographic security and digital sovereignty.
- It was necessitated as advancements in quantum computing have potential to break existing cryptography algorithms which form the backbone of today’s IT systems, online communications, financial transactions, and other sensitive digital information.
- These algorithms include benchmark RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman) and ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography) public-key encryption.
Risks of Quantum Computing to Cybersecurity
- Breaking of Existing Encryption: Quantum computers can break public-key cryptography, compromising banking, emails, and government communications.
- Harvest Now, Decrypt Later: Encrypted data collected today can be decrypted in the future, exposing long-term sensitive information.
- Systemic Risk: Breaking cryptography can disrupt critical sectors like power, telecom, finance, and governance.
- Threat to National Security: Exposure of defence and intelligence data can weaken national security and create strategic risks.
India’s Efforts for Developing Secure Quantum Computing
- National Quantum mission: Aims to develop comprehensive indigenous quantum technology ecosystem with establishment of four thematic hubs.
- DST’s Quantum-Enabled Science and Technology (QuEST) program: To groom young researchers in quantum technology.
- State-Level Initiatives: Amaravati Quantum Valley (AQV) Initiative (Andhra Pradesh), Quantum Mission (Karnataka), Telangana Quantum Strategy etc.
