India currently has around 222 Lakh Metric Tonnes (LMT) of wheat and approximately 380 LMT of rice, taking the total food stock to about 602 LMT.
India’s Foodgrain Production
- Agricultural exports rose from USD 34.5 billion (FY20) to USD 51.1 billion (FY25), with processed food share increasing to 20.4%, signalling value-added growth.
- Horticulture production reached 362.08 million tonnes, surpassing foodgrain output and indicating a structural shift towards high-value crops.
- India ranks among the top producers globally, being largest producer of pulses (25.68 MT), rice (according to Union Agriculture Minister’s statements) and millets, 2nd largest producer of wheat and fruits and vegetables.
- Leadership in High-Value Crops with 1st in spices and coconut production and 2nd in sugarcane, cotton, and tea production.
About Buffer Stock
- It is the quantity of foodgrains procured, stored, and maintained by the government to meet emergency requirements, stabilize prices, and ensure supply through welfare schemes.
- These norms are fixed by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) on a quarterly basis.
- Purpose of Buffer Stock
- Food Security: Ensures availability of food during droughts, floods, or crop failure.
- Price Stabilisation: Prevents sharp rise or fall in food prices.
- Public Distribution System (PDS): Supplies subsidised foodgrains to the poor.
- Emergency Reserve: Acts as a cushion during crises.
