Landmark India–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Signed | Current Affairs | Vision IAS

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In Summary

  • India-New Zealand FTA offers 100% duty-free access for Indian exports, with NZ committing USD 20 billion FDI over 15 years.
  • India protected sensitive sectors like dairy and sugar, offering market access in 70% of tariff lines, with robust Rules of Origin.
  • The FTA includes provisions for talent mobility, globalizing AYUSH, agricultural partnerships, and market access across 118 services sectors.

In Summary

FTA aligns with India's "Viksit Bharat 2047" vision to integrate into global value chains and empower MSMEs, farmers, women, and youth.

Key Details of FTA 

  • 100% Duty-Free Access: New Zealand eliminated duties on all Indian exports, providing a major boost to labour-intensive sectors like MSMEs, textiles, leather, footwear, and gems etc.
  • FDI Commitment: New Zealand committed to a USD 20 billion investment in India over the next 15 years.
  • Protection of Sensitive Sectors: India has offered market access in 70% of the tariff lines, covering 95% of New Zealand's Bilateral Trade.
    •  ~30% of tariff lines are in the exclusion category, to shield farmers and domestic industries. E.g. dairy, sugar, vegetable products like onions, aluminium etc.
  • Rules of Origin: A robust framework of Product Specific Rules of Origin (PSRs) established to effectively prevent misuse of trade benefits.
  • Talent & Mobility:Student Mobility and Post Study Work Visa for STEM Graduates, Skilled Professionals; an annual quota of 5,000 Temporary Employment Visas for skilled Indians.
  • Globalizing AYUSH:First-time provision by New Zealand to recognize and facilitate trade in India's traditional medicine systems, including Ayurveda and Yoga.
  • Others: Agricultural Productivity Partnership; Market Access across 118 services sectors, with Most-Favoured Nation (MFN) treatment in 139 sectors.

India-New Zealand Relations

  • Market: New Zealand is India’s second-largest trading partner in the Oceania region.
  • Trade Volume: Bilateral merchandise trade grew by 49% to reach USD 1.3 billion in 2024–25.
  • Positive Trade Balance: India exports more to New Zealand than it imports.
  • Diaspora: ~300,000-strong Indian diaspora (~5% of New Zealand’s population) acting as a cultural and economic bridge.
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RELATED TERMS

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Trade Balance

The difference between a country's exports and imports of goods and services. A positive trade balance means a country exports more than it imports.

Most-favoured nation (MFN) treatment

A principle in international trade under which a country must grant the same trade privileges (like lower tariffs) to all WTO members that it grants to any one member.

AYUSH

An acronym for the traditional Indian systems of medicine: Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Sowa-Rigpa (and Homoeopathy). The article highlights efforts to meet global demand for traditional medicine.

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