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Migration: A dream or a nightmare for labour and national integration?
- Business Standard |
- Social Issues |
- 2025-01-07
- Migration
- COVID-19
The article discusses India's long history of internal migration, highlighting how economic development, education, and a youthful population have recently accelerated this trend, notably observed during the Covid-19 lockdown when special transport was arranged.
Internal Migration in India: Historical and Contemporary Context
Internal migration has been an integral part of India's socio-economic fabric for centuries. This movement of people within the country has historical roots and continues to evolve in response to various factors.
Historical Perspective
- In the 19th century, communities such as:
- Marwaris from Rajasthan were known as businessmen in the eastern regions of India.
- Marathas served as warriors in the northwestern and southern parts of the country.
- Bengalis, Tamils, and Telugus were employed across the nation by the John Company and later by the British imperial government.
Contemporary Trends
- Factors influencing increased internal migration:
- Economic Development: Growth in various sectors has created opportunities, prompting people to move for better prospects.
- Education: The spread of education has empowered individuals to seek opportunities beyond their traditional home regions.
- Youth Demographic: A significant youth population is contributing to the rise in internal migration as they seek employment and other opportunities.
- The Covid-19 lockdown highlighted the scale of internal migration as special trains and buses were organized to transport migrant workers back to their native places.
More flexibility, but also greater challenges
- The Hindu |
- Social Issues |
- 2025-01-08
- NEP 2020
- University Grants Commission (UGC)
The University Grants Commission's new guidelines introduce accelerated and extended degree programs for undergraduates in India, aiming to enhance educational flexibility and global competitiveness. However, challenges like maintaining educational depth and resource constraints must be addressed.
UGC's New Guidelines for Higher Education
The University Grants Commission (UGC) has introduced transformative guidelines in India's higher education landscape, focusing on accelerated and extended degree programs for undergraduates. These changes aim to enhance flexibility and global competitiveness in academic pursuits.
Key Reforms
- Accelerated Degree Programme:
- Allows students to complete their degrees earlier.
- Benefits students eager to join the workforce or save on tuition fees.
- Extended Degree Programme:
- Offers more time for exploration of subjects, internships, research projects, and skill development.
- Aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, advocating multidisciplinary learning.
- Flexible Credit System:
- Enables students to tailor academic experiences to their needs and goals.
Potential Challenges
- Educational Depth and Rigor:
- Accelerated programs may compromise understanding of key concepts.
- Technical Education Constraints:
- Technical courses like engineering require deep theoretical and practical understanding.
- Compressing these may affect technical competencies.
- Institutional Adjustments:
- Requires curriculum restructuring, teaching method changes, and administrative adaptations.
- Equity and Accessibility Concerns:
- Students from underprivileged backgrounds may face challenges in adapting to the system.
- Faculty Adaptation:
- Teachers need professional development to handle interdisciplinary curricula.