In 2019, The President of India promulgated- ‘Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 2019’, stating that provisions of the Indian Constitution are applicable in the State.
- Article 370: Except for defence, foreign affairs, finance and communications, Parliament needed the state government’s concurrence for applying all other laws.
- Article 35A: It stemmed from Article 370 and gave powers to the J&K Assembly to define permanent residents of the state, their special rights, and privileges.
- Last year, the Supreme Court upheld the government's action to abrogate Article 370.
Impact of revocation
- Reduction in Terrorism and Violence
- Net Estimated infiltration reduced from 143 (2018) to 14 (2022).
- Terrorist Initiated incidents declined from 228 (2018) to 125 (2022).
- Security personnel killings declined from 91 (2018) to 32 (2022).
- Ending exclusive property rights: Abrogation enabled Centre to notify new land laws for the J&K.
- Local Government: Constitutional status to local government through application of 73rd and 74th Amendments of Constitution to J&K.
- Record voter turnouts at Block Development Council (98.3%), in first election after abrogation.
- No separate symbols/laws: J&K no longer has its own flag, constitution, and its own penal code (called the Ranbir Penal Code).