Launched at UN COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, it is the first international report focused solely on N2O in more than a decade. 

Key finding of report

• If N2O emissions continue to increase at their current rate (current share 0.1° C), there is no plausible pathway to limiting global warming to 1.5° Celsius.
• Anthropogenic emissions of N2O have increased globally by 40% since 1980 with approximately 75% originating from agricultural use of synthetic fertilisers and manure.
• N2O is leading ozone-depleting substance, increasing harmful UV exposure and raising risks of cataracts (0.2–0.8%) and skin cancer (2-10%).

Measures suggested to abate N2O emission 

• Agriculture: Abating N2O emissions by using enhanced-efficiency fertilizers, nitrification inhibitors, slow-release formulations, etc. 
• Industry:  Thermal destruction or catalytic processes can achieve 90-99% efficiency in treating emissions from adipic acid (used in synthetic fibers, foam) and nitric acid (used in fertilizer production).
• Fossil fuel reduction: Switching to use of renewable resources in transportation, energy production sector.
• Manure management: By balancing nutrient inputs in animal feed, reducing grazing intensity, anaerobic digestion of manure etc.
• Multilateral options: like Gothenburg Protocol targets on ammonia and nitrogen oxides under Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution.