Indian Scientists develop Model to understand the Equatorial ElectroJet (EEJ) | Current Affairs | Vision IAS
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    Indian Scientists develop Model to understand the Equatorial ElectroJet (EEJ)

    Posted 04 Nov 2024

    2 min read

    EEJ model will help to understand the EEJ’s impact on orbiting satellite, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based navigation/positioning and other satellite communication links as well as electrical power grids.

    About the Equatorial ElectroJet (EEJ)

    • EEJ: It’s a ribbon of intense 100 kA (kiloamperes) current flowing in Earth's ionosphere (Earth’s Upper atmosphere) at 100km altitude.
      • EEJ’s (North‐South) width: It’s of a few hundred kilometres (∼600 km).
    • Genesis: It is formed in Earth's magnetic equator, where magnetic field lines run parallel to Earth's surface, leading to an intense current density in the ionosphere.
    • Path of travelling: EEJ travels along magnetic equator(See image).
      • Typically, the EEJ current flows eastward during the day, and reverses direction in the night-time & produce a characteristic magnetic signature both on ground and in space (measured by magnetometers).

     Effects of EEJ 

    • EEJ intensifies Earth's geomagnetic field near equator. 
    • EEJ disruptions impact power infrastructure and electricity monitoring systems across equatorial regions.     

    About Magnetic equator

    The image shows a world map with two lines labeled as the "Geographic equator" and the "Magnetic equator." The geographic equator, shown as a straight pink line, runs horizontally across the middle of the map, representing 0° latitude. The magnetic equator, depicted as a dashed line, deviates slightly north and south of the geographic equator, indicating the varying path of the Earth's magnetic field's midpoint.
    • It is a line of zero magnetic dip, meaning that a magnetic needle has no dip at these points. 
    • Unlike Earth's geographic equator, the magnetic equator is not fixed, but slowly changes.
    • The geographic equator is a great circle around the Earth and it remains fixed at Zero-degree latitude.
    • Tags :
    • EEJ
    • Magnetic equator
    • Ionosphere

    Articles Sources

    https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2069472
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